Clozapine is utilized to treat the manifestations of schizophrenia (a psychological sickness that causes upset or uncommon deduction, loss of enthusiasm forever, and solid or wrong feelings) in individuals who have not been helped by different prescriptions or who have attempted to slaughter themselves and are probably going to attempt to execute or hurt themselves once more. Clozapine is in a class of drugs called atypical antipsychotics. It works by changing the action of certain normal substances in the cerebrum.
How should I take clozapine?
You can take clozapine with or without food.
Remove an orally disintegrating tablet from the package only when you are ready to take the medicine. Place the tablet in your mouth and let it dissolve, without chewing. Swallow several times as the tablet dissolves.
You should not stop using clozapine suddenly.
If you start taking clozapine again after 2 or more days without the medicine, you may need to use a lower dose than when you stopped.
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
Dosing information
Usual Adult Dose for Schizophrenia:
Initial dose: 12.5 mg orally once or twice a day
Titration and Maintenance dose: May increase total daily dose in increments of 25 mg to 50 mg per day to a target dose of 300 mg to 450 mg per day (administered in divided doses) by the end of week 2. Subsequent dose increases can be in increments of up to 100 mg once or twice weekly.
Maximum dose: 900 mg per day
Uses:
-For the treatment of severely ill patients with schizophrenia who fail to respond adequately to standard antipsychotic treatment
-To reduce the risk of recurrent suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, who are judged to be at chronic risk for re-experiencing suicidal behavior, based on history and recent clinical state
What happens if I overdose?
Overdose symptoms may include drowsiness, confusion, fast heartbeats, feeling light-headed, weak or shallow breathing, drooling, choking, or seizure.
What to avoid
Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects or death could occur.
Avoid coffee, tea, cola, energy drinks or other sources of caffeine.
Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how clozapine will affect you.
Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries.
Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy.
Risk Assessment
- Severe poisoning including coma can occur with 100 mg in adults
- Toxicity is more likely to occur in those naive to the drug.
- Children: >2.5 mg/kg is associated with sedation and need hospital assessment (as little as one tablet). Extrapyramidal effects can occur in the days following.
- Clinical features normally manifest within 4 hours and toxicity is expected to resolve within 24 hours:
- Sedation, CNS depression leading to coma
- Tachycardia, common to be able 120 bpm
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Mild to moderate anticholinergic toxidrome (agitation, ileus, urinary retention)
- Mydriasis and miosis are both seen
- Hyper salivation is considered pathognomonic
- Seizures in 5 – 10% of patients
- QT prolongation is rare
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